Spectrology is defined as the science of spectrum analysis in any or all of its relations and applications. It is more represented as part of the optical science.
Spectrology was first known by Isaac Newton in 1666, and further being explored into dark absorption line by Joseph von Fraunhofer in 1800s. Spectrology Science will not be as known as it is today without the great contributions from Professor Zeeman and Professor Albert A. Michelson, who both won the Nobel Prize in Physics during the early 1900s. Professor Michelson’s discovery for insuring exactness in measurements, and also of the investigations in spectrology, has brought to us the ability to determine the length of waves in a more exact manner. The methods have been the very important tools for today researches in the area of spectrology science for ecosystem, astronomy, communications, technology growth, and etc.
Spectrum, in most modern usages, has been a unifying theme between extreme at either end. The right table show the electromagnetic spectrum that available from what the scientists had so far discovered.
Visible Spectrum is the portion of electromagnetic spectrum that can be detected by the human eye. This range of wavelength (about 380nm ~ 760nm, a band in vicinity of 790~400THz) is called visible light or simply light. Human eye adapts the maximum sensitivity at around 555nm (540THz) which is in the green region of the optical spectrum.
There are “optical window” that the region of electromagnetic spectrum passes unattenuated through the Earth’s atmosphere (the sky is blue because of blue light scatters more than the red light). The “visible window” overlaps with the human visible response spectrum. The Near Infrared (NIR, 2500~750nm or 120~400THz) lies just out of human response window, the Medium Wavelength IR (MWIR, 10~2.5um or 30~120THz), and Long Wavelength IR or Far infrared (LWIR or FIR, 1mm~10um, 300GHz~30THz) are far beyond the human response.
There are species like insects response well to wavelength that fall beyond the visible region such as the bees, bird, and plants. The bees see ultraviolet which helps them find nectar in flowers, plants appearance in ultraviolet to help insect pollination, and birds see ultraviolet of 300~400nm.
In summary, living things on the earth response to the light spectrum in some degrees. There are ranges of light spectrum that bring advantages in their respective ecosystems; in addition, some light spectrums promotes a better health and recovering functions in the bioscience.